Introduction 1
-
Background on CASE tools 1
-
Research Method 2
-
Hypothesis and Contributions 5
-
Organization of the Dissertation 6
Theories of Designers' Cognitive Needs 7
-
Theories of Design Decision-Making 8
-
Reflection-In-Action 8
-
Opportunistic Design 10
-
Geneplore 14
-
Theories of Human Memory 15
-
Associative Recall 15
-
Limited Short-Term Memory 17
-
Cognitive Fixation 19
-
Limited Knowledge 21
-
Mental Biases 22
-
Design Visualization Theories 23
-
Comprehension and Problem Solving 23
-
Secondary Notation 26
-
Viewing as an Acquired Skill 28
-
User Interface Guidelines 28
-
Style Guidelines and Usability Heuristics 28
-
Fitts' Law 31
Previous Work in Cognitive Features for Design Tools 33
-
Previous Work on Design Critiquing Systems 33
-
Definitions of Design Critiquing Systems 33
-
Previous Work on Critiquing Processes 35
-
Phases of the ADAIR Process 36
-
Comparison of Critiquing Systems 39
-
State of the Art of Critiquing Systems 48
Proposed Cognitive Features 50
-
Knowledge Support Features 54
-
Design Critics and Criticism Control Mechanisms 54
-
Non-modal Wizards 59
-
Context Sensitive Checklists 64
-
Design History 67
-
Process Support Features 71
-
Dynamic "To Do" List and Clarifiers 71
-
Opportunistic Search Utility 75
-
Opportunistic Table Views 78
-
Visualization Support Features 80
-
Navigational Perspectives 80
-
The Broom Alignment Tool 86
-
Model-based Layout 92
-
Construction Support Features 97
-
Selection-Action Buttons 97
-
Create Multiple 100
-
Visual Blender 108
Usage Scenario 112
-
Scene 1: Initial Construction, Error Detection, and Correction 113
-
Scene 2: Cleaning up the Design to Communicate Intent 117
-
Scene 3: Answering Questions that Arise During Design 120
-
Scene 4: Considering the Important Issues 125
-
Scene 5: Resolving Open Issues Before Reaching a Milestone 128
-
Discussion 130
Heuristic Evaluation of Cognitive Features 132
-
Walkthrough of "To Do" List and Clarifiers 135
-
Walkthrough of Non-modal Wizards 137
-
Walkthrough of Context Sensitive Checklists 140
-
Walkthrough of Design History 142
-
Walkthrough of Opportunistic Search Utility 143
-
Walkthrough of Opportunistic Table Views 146
-
Walkthrough of Navigational Perspectives 149
-
Walkthrough of Broom Alignment Tool 151
-
Walkthrough of Model-based Layout 154
-
Walkthrough of Selection-Action Buttons 157
-
Walkthrough of Create Multiple 159
-
Discussion and Validation 162
Empirical Evaluation of
Cognitive Features 168
-
Pilot User Study 168
-
Broom User Study 171
-
Construction User Study 174
-
Classroom Usage 176
-
Internet Usage 179
A Scalable, Reusable Infrastructure 184
-
Graph Editing Framework 185
-
Introduction 185
-
Design Overview of GEF 186
-
Implementation of Multiple Diagrammatic Views 189
-
Implementation of the Broom Alignment Tool 190
-
Implementation of Selection-Action Buttons 192
-
Argo Kernel 192
-
Introduction 192
-
Design Overview of the Argo Kernel 193
-
Implementation of Design Critics and Criticism Control
Mechanisms 196
-
Implementation of Checklists 199
-
Implementation of Wizards 200
-
Views and Navigation 201
-
Introduction 201
-
Design Overview of Argo/UML Views and Navigation 202
-
Implementation of Navigational Perspectives 203
-
Implementation of the Dynamic "To Do" List and Clarifiers 204
-
Implementation of Opportunistic Table Views 205
-
Implementation of Opportunistic Search 207
-
Design Representation and Code Generation 209
-
Introduction 209
-
Design Overview of Design Representation and Code Generation 209
-
Implementation of the UML Meta-Model 210
-
Implementation of XMI and PGML File Formats 212
-
Implementation of Code Generation 214
Conclusion 217
-
Reflections on the Approach 217
-
Review of Contributions 219
-
Potential Extensions 220